한미연합사-영문 이시우 2003/01/17 280

Combined Forces Command

Version 1.1, 6/21/2002

Combined Forces Command
Command structure of the Republic of Korea military is very complex. For United States
plays prominent role in command, since the founding of the Republic of Korea Armed Force.
After the outbreak of the Korean War, United States assumed command of the United Nations
forces operating in Korea. Due to inexperience of the senior staff of the Republic of Korea Army,
with the exception of Second Republic of Korea Corp, rest of the Republic of Korea units came
under American command for the duration of the war.
After the Armistice in 1953, Republic of Korea assumed the responsibility of the defense
of the eastern half of the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) in the form of First Republic of Korea Army
(FROKA). Western half of the DMZ was defended by the United States First Corps Group. Then in
1971, under Nixon’s d?ente, US Seventh Infantry Division was withdrawn, leaving the US Second
Infantry Division as the only US Army unit in Korea. With growing confidence among Korean senior
staff and American insistance on burden-sharing, a new command was formed to defend the western
half of DMZ. By 1982, the Third Republic of Korea Army (TROKA) assumed command of the Republic
of Korea Corps formerly under US First Corps Group. In 1978, a new field of command was formed,
known as Combined Forces Command (CFC).
Commanding generals of the First and Third Republic of Korea Armies must be a general
(four-star officer, highest ranking commander in Republic of Korea armed forces). Operational
commander of the US Second Infantry Division, a lieutnant general (three-star), is also the
commander of the Combined Field Army (CFA). The Combined Field Army is composed of TROKA and the
Seventh Republic of Korea Corp, which the US Second Infantry Division is attached, a CFA reserve.
Capital Defense Command (CDC), an independent command within the TROKA’s area of responsibility,
defends the metropolitan Seoul, home to ten million Koreans. The CFA, CDC and the FROKA form the
Ground Component Command (GCC). The GCC is lead by the Commander-in-Chief (CinC) of the Combined
Forces of Command and his staff. The CinC of the CFC is responsible of the defense of Republic of
Korea national territory for the presidents of both Republic of Korea and United States of
America.
The staff of the CFC/GCC and CFA is composed of officers of both Americans and Koreans.
Deputy commander of CFC is Korean general. The deputy commander of the CFA is Korean major
general (two-star officer).
The commander of the Air Component Command (ACC) of CFC is the commander of the US
Seventh Air Force.
The commander of the Navel Component Command (NCC) of CFC is Korean vice admiral
(three-star officer). He commands the three fleets consist of Republic of Korea Navy and two
divisions and a brigade of the Republic of Korea Marine Corp. NCC is the only branch of the CFC
that are solely under Korean command.
Despite the impression of total American control of Republic of Korea armed forces via
CFC, the Korean units are independent forces. Only during time of war, does the Korean units
subject itself to the CFC. Otherwise, Korean military operate independent of CFC in peacetime.
Currently the Republic of Korea Army is being reorganized. The FROKA and the TROKA is
being merged into Ground Operations Command and the Second Republic of Korea Army is being
renamed Rear Operations Command. How this change will affect the CFC is unknown to the author.

COMBINED FORCES COMMAND

by Keith Rowe

HHC, Combined Forces Command (182 ROK, 133 US personnel)
Commander in Chief US Army 4-star (CinCUNCOM, CinC USFK)
Deputy Commander in Chief ROK Army 4-star
Chief of Staff USAF 3-star (Cmdr ACC, Dep Cmdr USFK, CG 7th USAF)
Deputy ROK
Assistant Chief of Staff, C1 Personnel ROK 2-star
Deputy US colonel (J-1 USFK)
ACoS, C2 Intelligence ROK, 2-star
Deputy US 1-star (J-2 USFK)
ACoS, C3 Operations US 2-star (J-3 USFK)
Deputy ROK 1-star
ACos, C4 Logistics US 2-star (J-4 USFK)
Deputy ROK 2-star
ACoS, C-5 Plans and Policy USMC 2-star (J-5 USFK)
Deputy ROK 1-star
ACoS, C-6 Communications and Computers ROK 1-star
Deputy US colonel (J-6 USFK)
ACoS, Engineer ROK 1-star
Deputy US colonel (USFK Engineer)
Secretary, Combined Staff US colonel
Deputy ROK
Operations Analysis Group ROK
Deputy US
Judge Advocate US
Deputy ROK
Public Affairs US
Deputy ROK
HQ’s Commandant ROK
Deputy US

United Nations Command
CinC UNCOM US 4-star (CinC CFC, CinC USFK)
Deputy USAF 3-star (CoS CFC, CoS USFK, CG 7th USAF)
UN Representative, Military Armistice Committee ROK 2-star

Ground Component Command (GCC)
CinC ROK Army 4-star
Deputy US Army 3-star (CoS USFK, CG 8th US Army)
Combined Aviation Force ROK Army 2-star (ROK Army Aviation Command)
Deputy US colonel (US Army 17th Aviation Brigade)

Air Component Command USAF 3-star (CoS CFC, Dep CinC USFK, CG 7th USAF)
Deputy ROKAF 2-star (ROKAF Aviation Operations Command)

Naval Component Command (NCC)
Armistice-CinC ROKN 3-star (ROKN Operations Command)
Deputy USN 2-star (Commander, Naval Forces, Korea)
Wartime-CinC USN 3-star (Commander , US 7th Fleet)
Deputy ROKN 3-star (ROKN Operations Command)

Combined Marine Forces Command (CMFC)
Armistice-Commander ROKMC 3-star (ROKMC commandant)
Deputy USMC 2-star (C-5 CFC, J-5 USFK, USMC Forces, Korea)

Wartime-Commander USMC 3-star (Fleet Marine Forces, Pacific)
Deputy ROKMC 3-star (ROKMC commandant)

Combined Unconventional Warfare Task Force (CUWTF)
Commander ROKA 3-star (ROK Special Operations Command)
Deputy US 1-star (Special Operations Command, Pacific)

Combined Psychological Operations Task Force (CPOTF)
Commander ROK (MoD Psychological Operations Group)
Deputy USAF

Bibliography
Cooke, Melinda W., “National Security,” South Korea: A Country Study, Third Edition (1982) 207-253

Cushman, John H., “Command Arrangement in Korea: Issues and Options,” The Future of South Korean-US Security Relations (1989) 155-167

http://www.korea.army.mil/org/j3/ed/korea/communicate2.html에서 일부 발췌
10. MISSION OF THE ROK/US COMBINED FORCES COMMAND

a. More than 46 years of fragile peace have marked the history of “post-war” Korea, where the longest armistice ever remains tenuously in force. For most of these years, the directing headquarters was the United Nations Command (UNC), which had also directed combat operations in the 1950-53 war. On 27 June 1950, the United Nation Security Council passed a resolution calling on UN members to assist in driving the North Korean invader from the Republic of Korea. In that resolution, the Security Council named the United States as the executive agent to implement the resolution and direct UN military operations in Korea. At President Harry S. Truman’s direction, General of the Army Douglas MacArthur established the General Headquarters, United Nations Command in Tokyo on 24 July. On 14 July, ROK President Syngman Rhee had already placed the armed forces of the Republic under General MacArthur