미8군 2사단 296전방 지원대대-영문2002/12/06 282
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/agency/army/296fsb.htm
296th Brigade Support Battalion
296th Forward Support Battalion
The 296th Brigade Support Battalion was first constituted on 23 November 1944 in the Army of the United States as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 296th Quartermaster Battalion, Mobile. It was activated on 15 December 1944 at Camp Bowie, Texas.
The unit was converted and redesignated on 1 August 1946 as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 296th Transportation Corps Truck Battalion. It was again reorganized and redesignated on 31 July 1947 as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 296th Transportation Truck Battalion, and on 17 October 1949 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 296th Transportation Truck Battalion.
The unit was allotted on 25 October 1951 to the Regular Army. It was reorganized and redesignated on 8 April 1954 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 296th Transportation Battalion. The unit was inactivated on 5 November 1955 in Korea.
The unit was redesignated on 16 October 1989 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 296th Support Battalion. It was assigned to the 2nd Infantry Division, and activated in Korea, with its organic elements concurrently were constituted and activated. The unit was inactivated on 16 September 1992 in Korea.
The 296th Forward Support Battalion was activated on 16 October 1995 at Fort Lewis, Washington. There it was part of the home brigade of the 2nd Infantry Division, 3rd Brigade, the only one of the Division’s 3 brigades to be stationed in the United States. At the time its strength was approximately 388 personnel.
In 2000, the 3rd Brigade became the initial brigade to transform to what became known was the US Army’s modualar force structure. The resulting 3rd Brigade Combat Team was reorganized to include various elements that had previously existed at division level. As a result, the 296th Forward Support Battalion was inactivated and reactivated and redesignated as the 296th Brigade Support Battalion, an organic element of the new Brigade Combat Team.
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296th Forward Support Battalion
Operational BCT
3rd Brigade “Arrowhead Brigade” 화살촉여단
Units
없음
Facilities
Fort Lewis, WA
Official Homepage
296th Forward Support Battalion
The 296th Forward Support Battalion was originally constituted on 23 November 1944 in the Army of the United States as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 296th Quartermaster Battalion, Mobile. It activated on 15 December 1944 at Camp Bowie, TX.
The unit was converted and redesignated on 1 August 1946 as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 296th Transportation Corps Truck Battalion. It reorganized and was redesignated on 31 July 1947 as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 296th Transportation Truck Battalion, and on 17 October 1949 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 296th Transportation Truck Battalion.
The unit was allotted on 25 October 1951 to the Regular Army. It was reorganized and redesignated on 8 April 1954 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 296th Transportation Battalion. It inactivated on 5 November 1955 in Korea.
Redesignated on 16 October 1989 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 296th Support Battalion, the unit was assigned to the 2d Infantry Division, and activated in Korea (its organic elements concurrently were constituted and activated). It inactivated on 16 September 1992 in Korea.
The unit activated on 16 October 1995 at Fort Lewis, WA.
Operational BCT
3rd Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division “Arrowhead Brigade”
Units
1-23 IN “Tomahawk”
5-20 IN
1/14 CAV
1-32 AR
1-33 AR “Men of War”
Brigade Combat Team
1-37 FA (T) (M198)
168th ENG Bn
296th FSB
Charlie 5/5 ADA Bn
334th Signal Co.
18th EN Co.
Facilities
Fort Lewis
Official Homepage
3rd Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division
On 29 March 1995 the 3rd Brigade 2nd Infantry Division was reactivated at Fort Lewis Washington as part of I Corps, where it contained the following Battalions, 1-23 Infantry, 1-32 Armor, 1-33 Armor, 1-37 Field Artillery, 168 Engineer, 296 Forward Support, and Charlie 5/5 Air Defense Artillery. On 18 May 2000, the 3rd Brigade was reorganized as the US Army’s first initial brigade combat team by losing 1-33 Armor and gaining 1/14 Cav, 5-20 IN, 334th Signal Co. and the 18th EN Co.
In April 2000 the Army officially began the transformation of the first of two brigades at Fort Lewis, Wash., to Initial Brigade Combat Teams. The 3rd Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division at Fort Lewis was chosen to be the nation’s first combat team to go through transformation because of the base’s large training ranges and ability to transport troops quickly through nearby McChord Air Base and the Port of Tacoma.
Early in 1999, the Kosovo deployment in Eastern Europe had highlighted several critical shortcomings in the Army. While the heavy forces were too heavy, took too long to deploy, and were too difficult to maneuver in areas of the world where they might have to operate, the light forces were too light and lacked staying power and lethality if they were deployed into an environment where they might face an armored threat. Also, future opponents would not give the American military a long lead time to deploy and would attempt to deny air strips and ports that the United States traditionally depended upon to deploy military forces.
The new interim design will enable the Army to deploy brigades faster and be ready to fight upon arrival. The Army had been planning this transformation since October 1999, when Secretary of the Army Louis Caldera and Army Chief of Staff General Eric K. Shinseki unveiled the new Army Vision. The first two IBCT’s will feature significantly different organizations from the Army’s current brigade structure, officials said. Each will consist primarily of three infantry battalions, an artillery battalion and a reconnaissance battalion. The reconnaissance battalion, known as the RSTA squadron — reconnaissance, surveillance, targeting and acquisition — will significantly increase the intelligence gathering capability of the brigade.
As a first step, one armor battalion from 3rd Bde., 2nd Infantry Division, moved to 1st Bde., 25 Inf. Div. and one light infantry battalion from the 25th’s 1st Bde. moved to the 2nd’s 3rd Bde. These units are identified as the two initial brigades. The shift aids the infantry requirements in the IBCT battalion for 3rd Bde. and the RSTA squadron requirements for the 1st Bde. The first IBCT to transform to the new design, the 3rd Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division, achieved its Initial Operating Capability by December 2001. Initial Operating Capability is the point at which the Army certifies the unit as being capable of accomplishing brigade-level operations. The second IBCT, the 1st Brigade, 25th Infantry Division, was currently scheduled to achieve its IOC by December 2002.
Each brigade combat team will function with about 3,700 soldiers — 700 less than are currently serving. The bulk of each brigade will be three mechanized infantry battalions and a reconnaissance intelligence, surveillance, and target acquisition squadron, otherwise known as a “RSTA.” The four units will account for about 75 percent of a brigade combat team, which will not only be able to participate in major theater wars, but quickly provide regional stability to “hot spots” throughout the world, including those in urban terrain. The initial brigade combat teams will have a more robust and varied intelligence capability, from the military intelligence company down to the company level. While 3rd Brigade had an intelligence company and 1st Brigade did not, both will have such a unit after the transformation is complete.
Each month, I Corps and Ft. Lewis dedicate one week to local, national, and international media visits focusing on Army Transformation. Depending on scheduled training, opportunities include live-fire, LAVIII operations, collective training from crew to battalion level, military operations in urban terrain (MOUT), and simulation exercise training. All training highlights 3rd Brigade, 2nd Infantry, which is at the forefront of the transformation process.
The Army began the transformation to the objective force by creating the first two initial brigades at Fort Lewis, WA, and then transforms additional forces to extend interim force capabilities. TRADOC, The US Army Training and Doctrine Command, develops the glide path that will take us from initial conversion of two brigades through to the objective force. The Brigade Combat Team optimizes the tenets of its operational concept and organizational design by achieving the most effective balance of force projection and battle space dominance.
The world continues to evolve into a more dynamic, uncertain, and complex environment. Information technology advances have created powerful asymmetric threat options for potential adversaries, and continue to expand the potential nature and scope of future conflict. Faced with the reality of U.S. military intervention, opposing forces will often seek to avoid US strengths by using asymmetric capabilities and use low technology to negate US high technology systems. These near- and mid-term threats include those surrounding conflicting regional interests and transnational criminal and ethnic groups.
The nature of the existing and emerging threats plus continued worldwide urbanization will make military operations in regions with weak infrastructure (especially roads, rail, bridges) and complex/urban terrain extremely likely. Threats in these locations are generally characterized by mid- to low-end industrial age forces equipped with limited heavy weaponry consisting of small numbers of early generation tanks and predominantly motorized Infantry. Other threats will include guerilla, paramilitary, special purpose forces, special police, and militia organizations. Regardless of the nature or origin of these threats, they will equip themselves with man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS), antitank guided missiles (ATGMs), mortars, mines, explosives, and machine guns but will only be capable of limited duration and limited objective, high-tempo combat operations, but long-term, sustained unconventional, terrorist, and guerilla operations.
In response to these threats, the Chief of Staff of the Army implemented a force design plan to meet regional commanders-in-chief (CINCs) current and future operational needs. These forces will provide a more strategically responsive capability for small-scale contingencies (SSC) that do not compromise major theater of war (MTW) requirements. They must be able to function as a guarantor combat force in a stability operation or support operation (SASO), and with augmentation, fight as part of a division in a MTW. Most importantly, these forces will be built around Infantry with rapidly deployable organizations that capitalize on the integration of combat support systems, combined arms, and a flexible, mobile, and lethal force mix fueled by the human dimension. U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) has begun the process of facilitating the transformation of the first two brigades from Fort Lewis, Washington, to initial BCTs and beginning the process of transformation to a new force design.
The 1-37 FA Bn, 1-14 CAV (RSTA) Sqdn, 209 MI Co, and BSB elements deployed to the YTC via C-17 and C-5 aircraft the week of 16 April 2001 and redeployed via the same type aircraft by 4 May. This was the first major test of the deployability of several IBCT units using USAF strategic lift aircraft from McChord AFB. Units/equipment deployed by C-17 were flown to the Yakima Regional Airport to illustrate landing within a contingency APOD (using a short/constrained field). Units/equipment deployed by C-5 were flown to the Moses Lake Regional Airport to illustrate landing at an ISB with further onward movement to a contingency area (the Moses Lake field is a former USAF base with an extended runway). While at the YTC, the units used newly acquired digital equipment and executed training activities.
The 1-14 CAV Sqdn conducted live fire exercises at the platoon and company level; maneuver at the troop and squadron level; and integrated target acquisition and fires (with FA, mortars, and CAS), intelligence collection and analysis, and used their FBCB2 digital equipment continuously. The 1-37 FA Bn conducted battery and battalions live fire exercises in support of the 1-14 CAV. They included SEAD, synchronization of mortars for marking fires, and aircraft delivery of ordnance through digital operations. The Brigade Support Battalion (BSB) set up operations to support two separate battalions and other smaller company size units operating in the field with transportation, maintenance, water/fuel, and medical support. The Movement Tracking System (MTS) was operational and very useful in monitoring the location of vehicles and the status of missions during the FTX.
The 3rd Brigade was established as the 1st Provisional Brigade on August 11, 1917 in Syracuse, New York. Shortly after it was redesignated on 22 September 1917 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 3rd Infantry Brigade and was assigned to the 2nd Infantry Division. A month later the brigade was sent to France where it saw heavy fighting as part of the AEF (American Expeditionary Force). The brigade contained the 9th Infantry Regiment, 23 Infantry Regiment, and the 5th Machinegun Battalion. While they were in France the 3rd Brigade participated in a period of harsh training in the Bourmont area of France. The main reason for this was to ready themselves for the German enemies. The 3rd Brigade fought in many battles in France, including the battles of Chateau Thierry, the St. Michial Salient, and Meuse-Argonne. Throughout these battles the soldiers of the 3rd Brigade were greatly decorated and in fact were the highest decorated in the AEF.
During World War I the 3rd Brigade earned six battle streamers for their participation in the major campaigns of, Aisne, Aisne-Marne, Lorraine 1918, le de France 1918, St Mihel, and Meuse-Argonne. For helping the French, their government awarded the brigade four French Croix de Guerre. Three streamers, Chateau-Thierry, Aisne-Marne, and Meuse-Argonne, and the French Fourragere symbolize it. The yellow and green Fourragere is still worn on the left shoulder of every soldier assigned to the brigade. After the war was over the 3rd Brigade remained in Germany for a period of one year with the US Army of occupation. In late 1919, the brigade returned to its home of Fort Sam Houston, Texas. The brigade was then deactivated on October 9 1939.
On February 1 1963, the 3rd Brigade was reactivated and reassigned to the 2nd Infantry Division at Fort Benning, Georgia. Two years later, On 1 July 1965 the 3rd Brigade moved to Korea to join the rest of the 2nd Infantry Division, where its mission was to guard the western corridor. In April 1967, five North Korean infiltrators were killed at guard post Lucy. Twenty-four days later, two more agents were captured and one was killed. From May to September 1967, 264 engagements with infiltrators occurred. During the Pueblo Crisis in 1968, increased enemy activity and propaganda resulted in 74 intrusion attempts and firefights. It was at this time that the Army authorized all personnel north of the Imjin River to draw hostile fire pay. From July to October 1968, 56 incidents involving the brigade occurred. From 1969 on until its deactivation in 1992 the infiltrations slowed and eventually came to a stop.
Moving the 3d Brigade, 1st Armored Division, and associated slice units from Mannheim, Germany, to Fort Lewis, Washington, presented special challenges. Army reorganization plans called for restationing the 3d Brigade from its parent division in Bad Kreuznach, Germany, to Fort Lewis and reflagging it as the 3d Brigade of the 2d Infantry Division, headquartered in Ouijonbu, South Korea. However, when the move was completed in September 1994, the 4,000 3d Brigade soldiers (known as the “Bulldogs”) were separated from their new parent division. As a result, they had to organize as a split-based brigade combat team (BCT) with mechanized infantry, armor, artillery, engineer, and forward support battalions (FSB’s), as well as an air defense artillery battery and a chemical platoon. Since no division was stationed at Fort Lewis, the brigade would not have the support of a division support command (DISCOM) headquarters, division materiel management center, or main support battalion (MSB). Concurrent with restationing, brigade commanders and staff identified unresourced requirements and, with assistance from senior headquarters, worked to establish an organization that could meet their echelons-above-brigade support requirements.